Maria Montessori
| Born in Italy in 1870, Maria Montessori graduated from medical school
in 1896 and became the first female physician in Italy. In her medical
practice, Dr. Montessori's clinical observations of children led her to
analyze how they learn and how they relate to their immediate
environment. In 1906, Dr. Montessori established the first "Casa dei Bambini" or Children's House, working with 60 children in Rome. She observed these children's almost effortless ability to absorb knowledge from their surroundings, as well as their seemingly tireless interest in manipulating materials. She concluded that young children possess a natural and intense desire to learn and they teach themselves when provided with the appropriate materials. Every exercise, every piece of equipment and every method Dr. Montessori developed was based on what she observed children did "naturally" by themselves, unassisted by adults. She also observed that children experience phases of growth, each with characteristic "sensitivities" that guide physical and mental development. Dr. Montessori created a highly enriched learning environment for children that encouraged enthusiasm for learning by allowing them to pursue individual interests at their own pace and according to their abilities within each "sensitive period". Although Dr. Maria Montessori died in 1952 her methods live on in Montessori schools around the world. |
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